A __ is an extraneous variable that differs on average across levels of the independent variable.
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a. dependent variable
b. treatment variable
c. leftover variable
d.confounding variable
The correct answer is:
d. confounding variable
A confounding variable is an extraneous variable that differs on average across levels of the independent variable and can offer an alternative explanation for any observed effects on the dependent variable. This can compromise the internal validity of an experiment by making it unclear whether the observed effect is due to the manipulation of the independent variable or the influence of the confounding variable.
A __ is an extraneous variable that differs on average across levels of the independent variable.
d.confounding variable
